Men should definitely read this: a wide selection of contraceptive methods.

page views:1 Publication date:2023-05-27

Many married men share this experience: their wives are particularly anxious a few days before their period, always worrying about whether contraception will work that month. If their period is a few days late, those days feel like an eternity, fearing they might accidentally become pregnant. Contraception is arguably one of the biggest issues in married life, yet this burden currently falls almost entirely on the shoulders of the vulnerable wife. If men want to show more care for their wives and relieve them of the anxieties surrounding contraception, they might consider learning about male contraceptive methods.

1. Condoms

Most men are familiar with this small rubber sheath. Although some may find condoms "not satisfying enough," it is, after all, the most widely used contraceptive tool. However, condoms can sometimes be unsafe due to improper use, and some domestically produced, off-brand condoms are of substandard quality, so extra caution is needed when choosing one. The advantages of this method are that it has almost no side effects for either partner, allows for safe pregnancy at any time, and prevents the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases. It is the first choice recommended by doctors.

Disadvantages: The effective contraceptive rate is around 90%. It cannot be used by a small number of men, except those who are allergic to rubber or whose wives are allergic to it.

2. Medications

Medications are divided into oral and injectable medications.

Gossypol: Gossypol is a representative oral male contraceptive and the only one ever used clinically. Because this chemical, extracted from common cottonseed, has a strong inhibitory effect on sperm production, scientists have been focusing on its contraceptive effects for over half a century.

Disadvantages: It has many side effects, such as hypokalemia leading to generalized weakness and temporary loss of work ability. The most serious side effect is potential infertility. Experts do not recommend its use.

Testosterone Undecanoate Injection: This injection is recommended by the WHO (World Health Organization) and is touted as "one injection per month for contraception." However, it is currently undergoing multi-center phase III clinical trials globally and has not yet been fully developed. After injection, the contraceptive rate for men of Asian descent reaches over 90%, while for Caucasians it is only around 60%.

Disadvantages: This injection is not immediately effective. One injection per month for three consecutive months is required for contraceptive effect to appear. The contraceptive rate for men of Asian descent is over 90%.

3. Surgery

Currently, there are three types of contraceptive surgery available: vasectomy, vas deferens occlusion, and non-obstructive vas deferens IUDs. The latter two are based on traditional vasectomy.

Surgery, always associated with trauma and pain, sounds terrifying; however, the entire contraceptive procedure takes only 20 minutes, requires no stitches, and recovery takes only two days, leaving almost no scars. Its minimal trauma and rapid recovery exceed many people's expectations.

Vasectomy: Cutting the vas deferens, which acts as the transport duct for sperm, effectively prevents pregnancy. The two vas deferens originate in the scrotum and can be felt from the outside and pulled to the scrotal skin. Therefore, the doctor only needs to make a small incision (about the size of a grain of rice) in the scrotum and cut the vas deferens to achieve contraception.

Many people worry that after cutting the vas deferens, there will be no more semen or much less ejaculation? No. On average, a man ejaculates about 2 ml of semen each time, of which seminal vesicle fluid and prostatic fluid account for more than 90% of the semen volume. This portion will still be ejaculated. After ligation, epididymal fluid and sperm, which account for less than 10% of the semen volume, are blocked, so it does not significantly affect the amount of semen. When pregnancy is desired, vas deferens anastomosis can be performed, with a patency rate of over 90%.

Disadvantage: Some men may experience epididymal congestion and discomfort after the procedure.

Vas deferens occlusion: This method differs from ligation in that it does not involve cutting the vas deferens. Instead, a special material (mainly composed of carbolic acid) is injected into the vas deferens. The vas deferens is stimulated, forming scars and hardening, thus losing its function.

Disadvantage: Because the amount of injected material is difficult to control, some men experience excessively long vas deferens blockages, resulting in needle-like discomfort at the surgical site. This method has been abandoned by the vast majority of clinicians.

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Men should definitely read this: a wide selection of contraceptive methods.

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